Climatology and Meteorology
Although the two fields are related, meteorology focuses on weather, weather forecasting, and delivering predictions for the near term. In contrast, Climatology focuses on recording and analyzing global weather patterns and how natural and artificial conditions affect them over a more extended period.
Is Climatology a New Field?
While climate study is as old as the ancient Greek civilization, it evolved as a formal branch of study during the 19th century. Climatologists now pay attention to climatic changes set off by the industrial age, with increasing carbon emissions leading to an effect called global warming. Climatologists seek to understand climate change and global warming and predict their direction and influence on the earth.
Some Questions That Climatologists Seek Answers To
What are the weather patterns that govern normal conditions across the world? How are weather aspects, such as temperature and sunlight related? How does the weather change over time? What are the human causes of climate change and the activities, such as fossil fuel use, that increase greenhouse gas emissions, and how are these linked to past, present, and future global warming?
How do natural phenomena such as solar activity and variations in solar energy and volcanic eruptions release large amounts of ash and other substances into the atmosphere and contribute to global warming? How do natural changes in air and ocean currents affect climates around the world?
Climatologists worldwide are engaged in answering these questions and more to understand the causes and effects of climate change and how to tackle it.
The Role of the United Nations
The global impact of climate change has made it an issue to be tackled at the multinational level of the United Nations. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the United Nations body that assesses the science related to climate change, preparing and sharing reports about its immediate impact, future risks, and how to adapt to it and mitigate it.
The World Meteorological Organization, another UN body, specializes in weather, climate, operational hydrology, and related geophysical sciences, recognizing the need for global cooperation in managing these issues.