Soil Scientists typically hold a bachelor’s degree in soil science, plant science, crop science, botany, agronomy, geology, geoscience, horticulture, plant physiology, microbiology, physical geography, or environmental science. Advanced research positions usually require a master’s or doctoral degree in related fields. Recommended high school courses include biology, chemistry, environmental science, earth sciences, mathematics, and physics.

Certifications in agronomy, soil science, crop management, and crop advice from reputable organizations can help Soil Scientists stand out in a competitive job market. Certification demonstrates competence in managing soil, water, nutrients, and pests. Some employers may also require Soil Scientists to have a license to practice, which typically involves passing an examination after completing a relevant bachelor’s degree and gaining supervised work experience.

Essential skills include expertise in soil science, plants, agriculture, farming, and general science. Additional valuable skills are environmental science, earth science, geology, engineering, chemistry, biotechnology, biochemistry, mathematics, technical support, and data analysis. Strong research, writing, and communication skills are also critical.

Beneficial work experience includes internships, part-time work, or volunteer positions in soil-related sampling, surveying, and lab work. Practical lab work, research projects, and hands-on experience in soil-related projects through science clubs, environmental organizations, or agricultural programs can be valuable. Summer internships and entry-level positions in related fields also help build contacts and improve job prospects.

Soil Scientists study the biological, chemical, and physical properties of soils, conduct fieldwork and lab analysis, map soil types, investigate soil responses to management practices, and conduct experiments on farms. They evaluate land use capabilities, develop technologies and strategies for sustainable agriculture, respond to ecological catastrophes, and provide advice on soil management. They also write research reports, develop proposals, and advise clients in various sectors, including agriculture, forestry, environmental protection, and waste management.