Introduction to Machining and Tool Geometry

This free online course on Introduction to Machining and Tool Geometry starts with deformation of metals which is one of the key manufacturing processes for adding value in secondary operations. Deformation is a process evolved soon after metal refinement in ancient times to shape tools and other functional parts. Machining is a manufacturing process of making useful products by the removal of the material. Next we will discuss the conventional machining process. In the conventional machining process a wedge shaped tool removes the material in the form of the chips.

Next we will discuss the formation of the chips. The process of chip formation in metal-cutting is affected by a relative motion between the tool and the workpiece achieved with the aid of a device called a machine tool. Next we will discuss the geometry of the cutting tool which is very important and has a large bearing on the performance of the machining. A tool that has a single point for cutting purpose is called a single point cutting tool. It is generally used in the lathe machine, shaper machine etc.

Finally we will discuss the conversion of tool angles by graphical method. This convenient and popular method of conversion of tool angles from ASA to ORS and vice-versa is based on use of Master lines (ML) for the rake surface and the clearance surfaces. In orthogonal cutting, the cutting edge of the tool is parallel to the work surface and perpendicular to the direction of cutting.