Lesson Summary:
Route Specific Delivery: Depending upon the application, appropriate routes are specific delivery systems are chosen.

Most common Routes
- intravenous
- intraperitoneal
- intramuscular
- subcutaneous
- intradermal
- transdermal
- transcutaneous
- mucosal - oral, intranasal, pulmonary, intravaginal, rectal

Oral Administration: Advantages

Patient convenience, non-invasive and higher compliance
Manufacture: well-established processes, available infrastructure
Oral Administration: Disadvantages
Unconscious patients cannot take a dose
Low solubility
Low permeability
Degradation by GI enzymes or flora
First, pass metabolism
Food interactions
Irregular absorption
Intramuscular Administration

Advantages
The patient can administer the drug
larger volume than subcutaneous
By-pass FPM
Disadvantages
Invasive
Irritation, inflammation
May require training
Transdermal Administration

Advantages
Local effect
Ease of administration
Disadvantages
Low absorption for some drugs
may cause allergic reactions