Module 1: Multipoint Machining Processes

Eco-Friendly Cutting Fluids
The following are the various eco-friendly cutting tools in the machining process:


Vegetable oils 
Bio-cutting fluids
Semi-synthetic cutting fluids 
Liquid nitrogen and liquid carbon-di-oxide
Ionized air cooling system 
Water vapour as cutting fluids
Dielectric fluids


Rheology 
Rheology is the science of flow and deformation 
 

Biodegradability
The chemical breakdown or transformation of any substance by microorganisms like bacteria enzymes, fungi etc is known as biodegradation. The ability of a substance or matter to biodegrade is known as biodegradability. 
 
Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT)
The Hydraulic Retention Time is the measure of the average stretch of a time that a soluble compound remains in a constructed behaviour. 
 

Food to Microbes (f/m) Ratio Analysis


High f/m ratio is characterised by excess food and maximum rate of metabolism.
Low f/m ratio is known for endogenous phase resulting in a low rate of metabolism.