In this module, learn the concept of molecular diffusion, its role in bioprocessing, the gas-liquid mass transfer, and the rheology of fermentation fluids. Next, consider the factors affecting cellular oxygen demand, oxygen supply rate and study the steps for oxygen transportation from gas bubble to cell.

In this module, you will come to understand the first-order kinetics, how Thiele's modulus affects substrate profile and the effectiveness factor for spherical immobilized particles. The common types of heat transfer application in bioreactor operation and how to quantify heat released during the growth of cells will be treated.