This module explores the background of x-rays, as well as the applications and production of x-rays. You will be introduced to radiography, diffraction, crystals and symmetry. Also, you will learn about symmetry operators in crystallography, the discovery of x-ray diffraction and diffractogram.

This module explores the qualitative phase analysis of x-ray diffraction, how x-ray diffraction pattern can be used for qualitative analysis and XRD data analysis software. You will also be introduced to practical difficulties in phase analysis, sample preparation for x-ray diffraction, application of XRD in cement-based materials and why XRD is used for cement.