Classical (respondent or Pavlovian) conditioning


Ivan Petrovich Pavlov was a Russian scientist who investigated the digestive system of dogs by presenting them with meat powder and measuring the amount of saliva they produced. Pavlov found that the dogs began to salivate even before the meat powder was presented as they associated the feeder with the meat powder. This led Pavlov to conclude that the dogs were conditioned to respond to the feeder through the process of classical conditioning.

The device used by Pavlov to demonstrate the effect of conditioning on dog salivation